How the estimate works
The providers bill in three different ways, and the calculator follows each one's own rules.
- Usage-billed (Railway). You pay for the CPU time and memory the app actually uses, per second. The calculator multiplies your vCPUs by the average load, adds memory, and subtracts the usage that the $5 Hobby plan includes. A quiet app costs far less than its size suggests; a busy one can cost more than a fixed instance. Postgres runs as an ordinary service; we assume it holds its full memory and uses 0.1 vCPU (small) or 0.25 vCPU (larger) on average.
- Machines billed while running (Fly.io). A fixed price per machine size, charged per second while it runs, so fewer running hours means a smaller bill. Managed Postgres is a separate monthly plan.
- Fixed instances (Render, Heroku, DigitalOcean App Platform). A monthly price per instance size, whatever the load. The calculator picks the smallest size with at least your vCPUs and memory; Heroku sells dynos by memory, so it is matched on memory only.
- A server you run yourself (DigitalOcean Droplet, Hetzner Cloud). One virtual server holds all app instances and the database, plus 0.25 GB of memory for the system. It is by far the cheapest per gigabyte, but updates, backups, monitoring and database care are yours.
Bandwidth follows each provider's allowance: Render's Hobby workspace includes 5 GB, DigitalOcean containers and Droplets bring their own allowance, Hetzner includes 20 TB in Europe, and Railway and Fly.io charge from the first gigabyte.
Migration watch
Price changes and platform news from the last year that are worth planning around.
Common questions
Which platform is cheapest for a small app?
It depends on the shape of the app, which is why the calculator exists. A single small container without a database is cheapest on a machine-priced or fixed-instance platform. Add Postgres and a self-managed server wins on price, while the managed platforms charge more for the convenience. An app that runs only part of the day, or sits mostly idle, is where per-second billing pays off: Railway and Fly.io charge only while it runs, and Railway also by the actual load. Try the presets above.
Does Railway's $5 Hobby plan include usage?
Yes. The $5 fee includes $5 of usage, so you only pay extra beyond that. Pro works the same way at $20.
Why is bandwidth so expensive on Render?
Since Render's 2026 plan change (new workspaces from April, all of them from August) the Hobby workspace includes 5 GB of bandwidth a month and charges $0.15 per GB after that; Pro includes 25 GB. For a site that serves a lot of traffic, put static files behind a CDN or pick a provider with a larger allowance.
What does "self-managed" mean?
You rent a bare virtual server and run everything on it: the operating system, the web server, TLS certificates, the database and its backups. It costs a fraction of a managed platform, but the work and the 3 a.m. outages are yours.
Are the prices with VAT?
No. Providers add VAT or sales tax on the invoice where it applies, for example for consumers in the EU.
Why is a provider missing a price?
When a workload doesn't fit any size we have confirmed for that provider, or it has no managed database of that size in our table, the row says so instead of guessing.
Sources
Prices were read from these pages on 29 September 2026.
- Railway: docs.railway.com/pricing/plans, docs.railway.com/databases/postgresql, docs.railway.com/deployments/serverless, docs.railway.com/reference/volumes
- Render: render.com/pricing, render.com/docs/free, render.com/changelog/updated-plans-for-render-workspaces
- Fly.io: docs.fly.io/about/pricing, fly.io/pricing-update, docs.fly.io/postgres
- Heroku: www.heroku.com/pricing, devcenter.heroku.com/articles/dyno-types, devcenter.heroku.com/articles/dyno-tiers, devcenter.heroku.com/articles/limits, www.heroku.com/blog/an-update-on-heroku
- DigitalOcean App Platform: docs.digitalocean.com/products/app-platform/details/pricing, www.digitalocean.com/pricing/managed-databases
- DigitalOcean Droplet: www.digitalocean.com/pricing/droplets, docs.digitalocean.com/products/volumes/details/pricing
- Hetzner Cloud: www.hetzner.com/cloud/regular-performance, www.hetzner.com/cloud/cost-optimized, docs.hetzner.com/cloud/servers/primary-ips/overview, docs.hetzner.com/general/infrastructure-and-availability/price-adjustment